In daily life, we often say we’re “stressed.” But what does stress really mean, and how is it different from post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)? Let’s take a closer look.
What is stress ?
During our productive years, many things can contribute to stress—whether from family, school, work, or social environments. Stress can range from mild to severe and is influenced by various external pressures.
Stress is the body’s physical and emotional response to situations perceived as challenging or threatening. It can be:
- Positive stress (eustress): Motivates individuals to perform better and grow.
- Stress (distress) : Occurs when pressures become overwhelming and difficult to manage. This form of stress often depends on the intensity and duration of the experience.
Symptoms
PTSD symptoms can range from mild to severe. In extreme cases, individuals may struggle to function in daily life or maintain productivity.
Common symptoms include:
- Intrusion or re-experiencing : Flashbacks, nightmares, and intrusive thoughts related to the traumatic event.
- Avoidance: Avoiding people, places, or situations that serve as reminders of the trauma. Individuals may also avoid talking about or thinking about the incident.
- Negative changes in mood and cognition: Feelings of guilt, shame, emotional numbness, isolation, or difficulty remembering details of the traumatic event.
- Heightened arousal and reactivity: Easily startled, hypervigilance, sleep disturbances, difficulty concentrating, and increased irritability or anger.
Treatment
Managing PTSD varies from one individual to another, depending on the nature and severity of the trauma. Therefore, it is essential to seek help from mental health professionals such as psychologists or psychiatrists to ensure proper and tailored treatment.
Evidence-based treatments for PTSD include:
- Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): Helps patients recognize and reframe negative thought patterns.
- Exposure Therapy: Gradually helps individuals face and process traumatic memories in a safe environment.
- Medication: Antidepressants may be prescribed to help manage symptoms like anxiety, depression, and insomnia.
The role of social support
Social support plays a vital role in the success of PTSD treatment. Emotional support from close friends or family can significantly improve the healing process.
to trusted loved ones can help release emotional burdens. Additionally, joining support groups with others who have experienced similar traumas can provide comfort and reduce feelings of isolation.
When to seek help
If you or someone you know has experienced a traumatic event and is showing signs of PTSD, early intervention is crucial. Consulting with a psychologist or psychiatrist can provide the necessary support and treatment before symptoms worsen.
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