Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is often associated with cervical cancer. However, this virus can also cause genital warts. Let’s take a closer look.
Human Papillomavirus
HPV, or human papillomavirus, is a virus that can cause cervical cancer in women. Beyond its potential to trigger cancer, HPV can also cause condyloma acuminata, or genital warts, in women.
HPV consists of many different types or strains that can infect both men and women. Several strains are commonly discussed, such as HPV types 6, 11, 16, and 18.
HPV strains are categorized into low-risk and high-risk types.
HPV types 6 and 11 are considered low risk because they do not cause cancer but can lead to genital warts (condyloma acuminata).
HPV types 16 and 18 are considered high-risk because they can trigger cancer. These types are not only linked to cervical cancer in women but also increase the risk of vulvar, penile, anal, and throat cancers.
Condyloma Acuminata
Genital warts, or condyloma acuminata, are caused by HPV types 6 or 11. The virus can be transmitted through sexual intercourse, direct skin contact, or childbirth from mother to baby.
Signs and symptoms of condyloma acuminata in women include the appearance of cauliflower-like or rooster comb-like growths in the genital, anal, or oral regions. These affected areas may also experience itching, burning, and general discomfort.
Friction on the wart area can cause bleeding, and the size and shape of the warts may vary from small to large.
HPV infection that progresses to condyloma acuminata can be influenced by various factors, such as:
A history of high-risk sexual behavior with multiple partners
Previous HPV infection
A weakened immune system, such as in individuals with HIV/AIDS or those taking immunosuppressants
Treatment and Prevention of Genital Warts
Treatment for genital warts may begin with topical therapies, and in some cases require medical procedures such as:
Cryotherapy (freezing)
Electrocautery (burning)
Excision (surgical removal)
Laser treatment
To prevent genital warts caused by HPV, it is important to maintain a strong immune system. A healthy lifestyle with a balanced diet and regular exercise is highly recommended.
In addition, HPV vaccination is strongly advised to prevent genital warts caused by HPV infection. Vaccination is recommended not only for women but also for men, as HPV does not only lead to cervical cancer but can also cause other symptoms in males.
HPV is transmitted primarily through sexual contact and skin-to-skin contact, so it is essential to avoid risky sexual behavior.
Condom use can reduce the risk of HPV transmission.
It is highly recommended to have a monogamous relationship. Having multiple sexual partners increases the risk of contracting HPV.
If you have risk factors that may lead to HPV infection and notice any distinctive signs or symptoms, it is strongly advised to consult a doctor for further examination. Early evaluation ensures appropriate treatment and helps prevent spreading the infection to others.
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